Interpretations

Appendix F

Instant Replay System (IRS)

F-1Definition

F-1.1Statement

Before the game the crew chief shall approve the IRS equipment and inform both head coaches of its availability. Only the IRS equipment approved by the crew chief can be used for an IRS review.

F-1.2Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a goal when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the game. There is no approved IRS equipment available. The team B manager states that they recorded the game with the team video camera from an elevated position and presents the video material to the referees for a review.

Interpretation

The team B manager’s request to use the team’s video for a review shall be denied.

F-2General principles

F-2.1Statement

In the case of an Instant Replay System (IRS) review at the end of a quarter or overtime, the referees shall keep both teams on the court. The interval of play between the quarters or before the overtime shall start only after the referee communicates the final decision.

F-2.2Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a goal. At approximately the same time the game clock signal sounds for the end of the quarter. The referees become uncertain whether the shot was released during playing time and decide to use the IRS review. The teams are moving to their benches.

Interpretation

The referees shall keep both teams on the court. The interval of play shall start after the referee communicates the final decision.

F-2.3Statement

The IRS review shall be conducted by the referees at the first opportunity following the situation to be reviewed. This opportunity occurs when the game clock is stopped and the ball is dead. However, if after a successful goal the referees do not stop the game, the review shall be conducted at the first opportunity when the referees stop the game without placing either team at a disadvantage.

F-2.4Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a 3-point goal. The game is resumed with an immediate B1 throw-in and team B starts a fast break. The referees become uncertain whether A1’s shot was released from the 3-point goal area and decide to use the IRS review.

Interpretation

The first opportunity to stop the game for the review is when the ball becomes dead after the goal. It may happen that during the game there might not be enough time for the referees to react for the review. In this case, the referees shall stop the game without placing team B at a disadvantage as soon as the fast break is finished or when the game is stopped for the first time after the goal.

F-2.5Statement

A time-out or substitution request may be cancelled after the IRS review ends and the referee communicates the final decision.

F-2.6Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a goal. The team B head coach requests a time-out. The referees become uncertain whether A1’s shot was released from the 3-point goal area and decide to use the IRS review. During the review the team B head coach wants to cancel the request for a time-out.

Interpretation

The team B request for a time-out shall not be administered until after the referee communicates the final IRS decision. The time-out request may be withdrawn at any time during the review until after the referee communicates the final IRS decision and is ready to administer the time-out.

F-2.7Example

B1 is charged with a disruptive foul. The team B head coach requests a time-out. The referees become uncertain whether B1’s foul met the criteria for a disruptive foul and decide to use the IRS. B6 requests a substitution for B1. During the review B6 returns to the team bench.

Interpretation

B6’s request for a substitution and the team B head coach request for a time-out shall not be administered until after the referee communicates the final IRS decision. The substitution request may be withdrawn at any time during the review until after the referee communicates the final IRS decision and is ready to administer the time-out.

F-3.1At the end of the quarter or each overtime

F-3.1.1Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a goal when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the quarter. The referees become uncertain whether A1’s shot was released before the end of playing time.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at the end of the quarter, whether A1’s successful shot was released before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter. If the review provides the ball was released before the end of playing time for the quarter, the crew chief shall confirm A1’s goal as successful. If the review provides the ball was released after the end of playing time for the quarter, A1’s goal shall be cancelled.

F-3.1.2Example

Team B is leading by 2 points. B1 fouls A1 when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the first overtime. This is the fifth team B foul in the fourth quarter. The referees become uncertain whether B1’s foul occurred before the end of the first overtime.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at the end of each overtime, whether B1’s foul occurred before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the first overtime. If the review provides that B1’s foul occurred before the game clock signal sounded, A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw with the time remaining on the game clock when the foul occurred. If the review provides that B1’s foul occurred after the game clock signal sounded, B1’s foul shall be disregarded. Any unsportsmanlike action shall only be reported to the governing body of the competition.

F-3.1.3Example

B1 fouls A1 on an unsuccessful shot for a 2-point goal when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the second overtime.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at the end of the second overtime, whether B1’s foul occurred before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the second overtime. If the review provides that B1’s foul occurred before the game clock signal sounded, A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw with the remaining time on the game clock. If the review provides that B1’s foul occurred after the game clock signal had sounded, B1’s foul shall be disregarded unless the foul meets the criteria of a flagrant or disqualifying foul and there is a third overtime to follow.

F-3.1.4Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a 3-point goal when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the quarter. The referees become uncertain whether A1 touched the boundary line on the shot.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at the end of the quarter, whether A1’s successful shot for a goal was released before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter. If so, the review can furthermore be used to decide whether an out-of-bounds violation of the shooter occurred and if so, how much time shall be shown on the game clock.

F-3.1.5Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a 2-point goal when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the quarter. The referees become uncertain whether a shot clock violation by team A occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at the end of the quarter, whether A1’s successful shot for a goal was released before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter. If so, the review can furthermore be used to decide whether a shot clock violation by team A occurred. If the review provides A1’s successful shot was released 0.4 of a second before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter and, if the review furthermore provides the ball was still in A1’s hands when the shot clock signal sounded 0.2 of a second prior to A1’s successful shot for goal was released, A1’s goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest to where the shot clock violation occurred. Team B shall have 0.6 of a second on the game clock. The shot clock shall be switched off.

F-3.1.6Example

A1 attempts a successful shot for a goal when the game clock signal sounds for the end of the second quarter. The referees become uncertain whether A1’s successful shot for a goal was released before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter and if so, whether team A violated the 8-second rule.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at the end of the quarter, whether A1’s successful shot for a goal was released before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter. The review can furthermore be used to decide whether an 8-second violation by team A occurred. If the review provides A1’s successful shot was released before the game clock signal sounded for the end of the quarter and, if the review furthermore provides that prior to the A1’s shot for a successful goal team A violated the 8-second rule when the game clock showed 3.4 seconds, A1’s goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in in its frontcourt from the place nearest to where the 8-second violation occurred. Team B shall have 3.4 seconds on the game clock. The shot clock shall be switched off. If the review provides team A did not violate the 8-second rule, A1’s goal shall count. The second quarter has ended. The second half shall be started with an alternating possession throw-in at the centre line extended.

F-3.1.7Example

With 2.5 seconds on the game clock, A1 attempts a shot for a goal. The ball touches the ring, B1 rebounds it and starts a dribble. At this time, the game clock signal sounds for the end of the game. The referees become uncertain whether B1 stepped out-of-bounds when landing with the rebounded ball on the court.

Interpretation

The IRS review cannot be used to decide, whether a non-shooting player was out-of-bounds.

F-3.2The game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter and in each overtime

F-3.2.1Example

With 1:41 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, A1 attempts a successful shot for a goal when the shot clock signal sounds. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was released before the shot clock signal sounded and

  • (a) before the ball is live for the team B throw-in after the goal.
  • (b) after the ball is live for the team B throw-in when, after the goal the first time the referees stop the game for any reason.
  • (c) after the ball is live following the first time the referees stop the game.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether A1’s shot for a successful goal was released before the shot clock signal sounded. The referees are authorized to stop the game immediately to review whether a successful goal was released before the shot clock signal sounded before the ball enters the basket and the game clock is stopped. The review can occur at the latest until the ball became live following the first time the referees stopped the game. In (a) the referees shall stop the game immediately and conduct the review before resuming the game. In (b) the referees shall conduct the review when they have stopped the game for any reason, after the situation for the review occurred. In (c) the time limit to use the review ended when the ball became live following the first time the referees stopped the game. The original decision remains valid. In (a) or (b) if the review provides the ball was still in A1’s hands when the shot clock signal sounded, this is a shot clock violation. A1’s goal shall not count. In (a) the game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the free-throw line extended. In (b) the game shall be resumed with a throw-in for the team that had control of the ball or was entitled to the ball from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the game was stopped, or with free throws if applicable. In (a) or (b) if the review provides the ball had left A1’s hands on a shot before the shot clock signal sounded, the shot clock signal shall be disregarded. A1’s goal shall count. In (a) the game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline as after any successful goal. In (b) the game shall be resumed with a throw-in for the team that had control of the ball or was entitled to the ball from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the game was stopped, or with free throws if applicable.

F-3.2.2Example

With 1:39 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, A1 is in the act of shooting when a foul occurred away from the shooting situation. The personal foul is called against

  • (a) B2 for fouling A2. This is the third team foul of the quarter.
  • (b) B2 for fouling A2. This is the fifth team fouls of the quarter.
  • (c) A2 for fouling B2.
Interpretation

IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether

  • (i) the act of shooting had started when the foul was called against an opponent of the shooter; or (ii) the ball was still in the hands of the shooter when the foul was called against a team-mate of the shooter. In (a) if the review provides A1 was not in the act of shooting, the ball became dead when B2’s foul occurred and the goal, if made, shall not count. If the review provides A1 was in the act of shooting, the goal, if made, shall count. In both cases, the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where the B2’s foul occurred. In (b) if the review provides A1 was not in the act of shooting, the ball became dead when B2’s foul occurred and the goal, if made, shall not count. If the review provides A1 was in the act of shooting the goal, if made, shall count. In both cases, A2 shall attempt 2 free throws as a result of the B2’s foul. The game shall continue as after any last free throw. In (c) if the review provides the ball has left the hands of the shooter the goal, if made, shall count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest to where the A2’s foul occurred. If the review provides the ball was still in the hands of the shooter, the ball became dead when the A2’s foul occurred and the goal, if made, shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the free-throw line extended.
F-3.2.3Example

With 1:37 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, the shot clock signal sounds. At approximately the same time, A1 scores a goal from the frontcourt and A2 fouls B2 away from the ball in team A’s frontcourt. This is the third team A foul in the quarter. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was still in A1’s hands when the shot clock signal sounded and when A2’s foul occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether the ball was still in the hands of the shooter when the shot clock signal sounded, and when the foul away from the shooting situation occurred.

  • (a) If the review provides that the ball had left A1’s hands before the shot clock signal sounded and before A2’s foul occurred, A2’s foul shall be charged and A1’s goal shall count. The shot clock signal shall be disregarded.
  • (b) If the review provides A2’s foul occurred before the ball had left A1’s hands and before the shot clock signal sounded, A2’s foul shall be charged and A1’s goal shall not count. The shot clock signal shall be disregarded.
  • (c) If the review provides the shot clock signal sounded before the ball had left A1’s hands and before A2’s foul occurred, this is a shot clock violation by team A and A2’s foul shall be disregarded. A1’s goal shall not count. In (a) the game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest to where A2’s foul occurred. In (b) and (c) the game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in in its backcourt from the free-throw line extended.
F-3.2.4Example

With 1:34 on the game clock in the fourth quarter the shot clock signal sounds. At approximately the same time, A1 scores a goal from the frontcourt and B2 fouls A2 away from the ball in team A’s frontcourt. This is the third team B foul in the quarter. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was still in A1’s hands when the shot clock signal sounded and when B2’s foul occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether the ball was still in the hands of the shooter when the shot clock signal sounded, and when the foul away from the shooting situation occurred. If the review provides B2’s foul occurred before the shot clock signal sounded and B2’s foul occurred when A1 was in the act of shooting, B2’s foul shall be charged and A1’s goal shall count. The shot clock signal shall be disregarded. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in in its frontcourt from the place nearest to where B2’s foul occurred. Team A shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock. If the review provides the shot clock signal sounded before the ball had left A1’s hands and before B2’s foul occurred, this is a shot clock violation by team A. B2’s foul shall be disregarded and A1’s goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in in its backcourt from the free-throw line extended.

F-3.2.5Example

With 1:39 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, B1 fouls A1 in the act of shooting. At approximately the same time, away from the shooting situation, B2 fouls A2. This is the third team B foul of the quarter.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether the act of shooting had started when B1’s foul occurred and when B2’s foul away from the shooting situation occurred. If the review provides B1’s foul occurred first and A1 was not in the act of shooting when B2’s foul occurred, the ball became dead when B1’s foul occurred and the goal, if made, shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where B1’s foul occurred. B2’s foul shall be disregarded, unless the foul meets the criteria for a flagrant or disqualifying foul, as it occurred after the ball was dead. If the review provides B1’s foul occurred first and A1 was in the act of shooting when B1’s foul occurred A1’s goal, if made, shall count. A1 shall attempt 1 free throw. If the goal was not made, A1 shall attempt 2 or 3 free throws. The game shall continue as after any last free throw. B2’s foul shall be disregarded, unless B2’s foul meets the criteria for a flagrant or disqualifying foul, as it occurred after the ball was dead. If the review provides B2’s foul occurred first and A1 was in the act of shooting when B1’s foul occurred A1’s goal, if made, shall count. If B2’s foul is the third team B foul in the quarter the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where B2’s foul occurred. If B2’s foul is the fifth team B foul in the quarter A2 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall continue as after any last free throw. B1’s foul shall be disregarded, unless B1’s foul meets the criteria of a flagrant or disqualifying foul, as it occurred after the ball was dead.

F-3.2.6Example

With 7.5 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter and just before thrower-in A1 releases the ball from the frontcourt, B1 is charged with a technical foul. At approximately the same time, B2 is charged with a flagrant foul against A2 by another referee. The referees become uncertain in which order the fouls occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review cannot be used to decide on the order of the fouls occurred. Both fouls shall remain valid. The penalty for a technical foul shall be administered first. Any team A player shall attempt 1 free throw with no line-up. A2 shall then attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the throw-in line in its frontcourt opposite the scorer’s table.

F-3.2.7Statement

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter and in each overtime, whether a goaltending or basket interference was called correctly. If the review provides a goaltending or basket interference was called incorrectly the game shall be resumed as follows, if after the call

  • the ball has legally entered the basket, the goal shall count and the new offensive team shall be entitled to a throw-in from behind its endline.
  • a player of either team has gained an immediate and clear control of the ball, that team shall be entitled to a throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the call was made.
  • neither team has gained an immediate and clear control of the ball, a jump ball situation occurs. Immediate and clear control of the ball occurs when, after the call is made, a player directly gains possession of the ball on the court. The immediate and clear control of the ball must be the first action after the whistle. Any illegal contact to gain possession of the ball or the ball touching or being touched by multiple players is not an immediate and clear control of the ball. When the ball goes out-of-bounds without a player of either team having gained possession of the ball, the opponent of the team that causes the ball to go out-ofbounds is considered as having gained an immediate and clear control of the ball.
F-3.2.8Example

With 1:33 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a goaltending violation is called against B1. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was already on its downward flight to the basket. The ball does not enter the basket.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether goaltending was called correctly. If the review provides that the ball was on its downward flight to the basket, the goaltending violation shall remain valid. If the review provides that the ball was not yet on its downward flight to the basket, the goaltending decision shall be withdrawn. As the ball did not enter the basket,

  • the team which gained an immediate and clear control of the ball shall be entitled to a throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the call was made.
  • if neither team gained an immediate and clear control of the ball, a jump ball situation occurred. If the throw-in shall be awarded to team A, the shot clock shall show the time remaining when the call was made. If the throw-in shall be awarded to team B in its backcourt, team B shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock. If in its frontcourt, team B shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock.
F-3.2.9Example

With 1:27 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a basket interference violation is called against B1. The ball enters the basket.

Interpretation

As the ball has entered the basket there is no need to review the basket interference violation call. The goal shall count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline, with 24 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.2.10Example

With 1:23 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a goaltending violation is called against B1 or A1. After the call, a basket interference violation is called against

  • (a) B2.
  • (b) A2. The ball enters the basket.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the goaltending violation by B1 or A1 did not occur. Furthermore, the review provides a basket interference violation by B2 or by A2 occurred. The penalty for the basket interference violation shall be administered. If the violation was called against

  • (a) B2, the goal shall count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind team B endline, with 24 seconds on the shot clock.
  • (b) A2, the goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the free-throw line extended, with 24 seconds on the shot clock.
F-3.2.11Example

With 1:19 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a basket interference violation is called against

  • (a) B1.
  • (b) A1. The ball neither enters the basket nor touches the ring and either team gains an immediate and clear control of the ball.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the basket interference violation did not occur. In both cases, the team which gained an immediate and clear control of the ball shall be entitled to a throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the call was made. If the throw-in is awarded to team A, that team shall have the time remaining on the shot clock. If to team B, that team shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.2.12Example

With 1:15 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a goaltending violation is called against

  • (a) B1.
  • (b) A1. The ball does not enter the basket but touches the ring and either team gains an immediate and clear control of the ball.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the goaltending violation did not occur. In both cases, the team which gained an immediate and clear control of the ball shall be entitled to a throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the call was made. If the throw-in is awarded to team A, that team shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock. If to team B, that team shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.2.13Example

With 1:11 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a basket interference violation is called against

  • (a) B1.
  • (b) A1. The ball does not enter the basket and goes directly out-of-bounds without either team gaining immediate and clear control of the ball on the court.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the basket interference violation did not occur. In both cases, the team which did not cause the ball to go out-of-bounds shall be awarded a throw-in. If the throw-in is awarded to team A, that team shall have the time remaining on the shot clock. If the throw-in is awarded to team B, that team shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.2.14Example

With 1:07 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a goaltending violation is called against

  • (a) B1.
  • (b) A1. The ball does not enter the basket or touch the ring. After the call the ball is tapped by A2, then tapped by B2 and B3 and finally A4 catches it.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the goaltending violation did not occur. In both cases, neither team gained an immediate and clear control. This is a jump ball situation. If the throw-in is awarded to team A, that team shall have the time remaining on the shot clock. If the throw-in is awarded to team B in its backcourt, team B shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock. If in its frontcourt, team B shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.2.15Example

With 1:03 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a basket interference violation is called against

  • (a) B1.
  • (b) A1. The ball neither enters the basket nor touches the ring. During the rebound a foul was called against B2 or A2 before an immediate and clear control of the ball is established.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the basket interference violation did not occur. In both cases, the foul against B2 or A2 shall be penalised.

F-3.2.16Example

With 1:03 on the game clock in the fourth quarter, a goaltending violation is called against

  • (a) B1.
  • (b) A1. The ball neither enters the basket nor touches the ring. During the rebound a foul is called against B2 or A2 before an immediate and clear control of the ball is established.
Interpretation

The IRS review provides the goaltending violation occurred. In both cases, the foul against B2 or A2 shall be disregarded, unless it meets the criteria of a flagrant or disqualifying foul, as it occurred after the ball was dead. In (a) the goal shall count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline as after any successful goal. In (b) the goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest to where A1’s violation occurred, except from directly behind the backboard.

F-3.2.17Example

With 38 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter, A1 attempts a shot for a goal. The ball touches the backboard above the level of the ring and is then touched by B1. The referee decided that B1’s touch is legal and therefore did not call a goaltending violation.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used only if the referees have called a goaltending violation.

F-3.2.18Example

With 28 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter, B1 fouls A1 in the act of shooting for a 2-point goal. B2 touches the ball on its way to the basket. The referee calls a goaltending violation. The ball does not enter the basket. The referees become uncertain whether B2 touched the ball illegally.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, whether B2’s goaltending was called correctly. If the review provides B2 touched the ball on its downward flight, the goaltending violation shall remain valid. A1 shall be awarded 2 points. A1 shall further attempt 1 free throw. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw. If the review provides B2 touched the ball on its upward flight, the goaltending decision shall be withdrawn. A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.2.19Example

With 1:37 on the game clock in the fourth quarter the ball goes out-ofbounds. Team A is awarded a throw-in. Team A is granted a time-out. The referees become uncertain of the player who caused the ball to go out-of-bounds.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, the player who caused the ball to go out-of-bounds. The time-out period shall not start until the review ends and the referee communicates the final decision.

F-3.2.20Example

With 5:53 on the game clock in the first quarter, the ball rolls on the court close to the sideline when A1 and B1 try to gain control of the ball. The ball goes outof-bounds. Team A is awarded a throw-in. The referees become uncertain of the player who caused the ball to go out-of-bounds.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify the player who caused the ball to go out-of-bounds only when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter.

F-3.2.21Example

With 1:45 on the game clock in the overtime A1 close to the sideline passes the ball to A2. During the pass B1 taps the ball out-of-bounds. The referees become uncertain whether A1 was already out-of-bounds when passing the ball to A2.

Interpretation

The IRS review cannot be used to decide, whether a non-shooting player was out-of-bounds.

F-3.2.22Statement

When the game clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the fourth quarter and in each overtime, the IRS review can be used to decide, whether the ball was still in the hand(s), or at the disposal, of the thrower-in, when a foul was committed by a defensive team during the throw-in situation.

F-3.2.23Example

With 1:24 remaining in the fourth quarter, A1 has the ball for a throw-in. B1 holds A2 before A1 releases the ball. The referees call a personal foul on B1 and are uncertain whether the ball had been released.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used, when the game clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the fourth quarter to decide, whether the ball was still in the hand(s), or at the disposal, of the thrower-in, when a foul was committed by a defensive team during the throw-in situation. If the ball was still in A1’s hand(s), when B1’s foul occurred, this is a throw-in foul. A2 shall be awarded one free throw with no line-up. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in at the place nearest where B1’s foul occurred.

F-3.2.24Example

With 1:10 remaining in the fourth quarter, A1 has the ball for a throw-in. A1 releases the ball and, immediately after the release, B1 holds A2. The referees call a defensive foul and decide to review whether the ball was still in A1’s hand(s).

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used, when the game clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the fourth quarter to decide, whether the ball was still in the hand(s), or at the disposal, of the thrower-in, when a foul was committed by a defensive team during the throw-in situation. If the review confirms that the ball had already left A1’s hand(s), the throw-in foul penalty does not apply. The foul shall be administered according to the team foul situation.

F-3.3At any time of the game

F-3.3.1Example

B1 fouls A1 in the act of shooting. The ball enters the basket. The referees become uncertain whether

  • (a) A1 had started the act of shooting when B1’s foul occurred.
  • (b) B1’s foul occurred before A1 has returned with both feet to the floor.
Interpretation

The IRS review cannot be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether B1’s foul against A1 shall be considered as a foul against a shooter.

F-3.3.2Example

With 3:47 on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 attempts a successful shot for a 3-point goal. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was released from the 2- or 3-point goal area

  • (a) before the ball is live for a team B throw-in after the goal.
  • (b) after the ball is live for a team B throw-in after the goal, when an immediate throw-in does not allow the referees to react for the IRS review.
  • (c) after the ball is live for a team B throw-in after the goal and the game is stopped for a team B time-out.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether A1’s successful goal shall count for 2 or 3 points. The review shall be conducted at the first opportunity when the game clock is stopped and the ball is dead. However, the referees are authorised to stop the game for the review immediately. The referee shall in

  • (a) stop the game and conduct the review before the ball is live.
  • (b) stop the game immediately and conduct the review, without placing either team at a disadvantage. The review must take place after the goal when the referees have stopped the game for the first time for any reason and before the ball is then live again. This is valid also in the last 2 minutes of the fourth quarter or any overtime.
  • (c) conduct the review before the time-out is administered. After the final decision of the review is communicated, the time-out shall start, unless the head coach withdraws the request for the time-out. In all cases, after the final decision is communicated, and in (c) after the time-out, the game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline as after any successful goal.
F-3.3.3Example

With 3:44 on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 attempts a successful shot for a 3-point goal. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was released from the 2- or 3-point goal area after the ball is live for a team B throwin after the goal, when the referees stop the game when B2 is fouled in the act of shooting by A2.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether A1’s successful goal shall count for 2 or 3 points. The review shall be conducted at the first opportunity when the game clock is stopped and the ball is dead. However, the referees are authorized to stop the game for the review immediately. The referees shall conduct the review when they have stopped the game for A2’s foul as the game is stopped for the first time after the goal. After the final decision is communicated, the game shall be resumed with B2’s free throw(s).

F-3.3.4Example

With 3:43 on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 attempts a successful shot for a 3-point goal. The referees become uncertain whether the ball was released from the 2- or 3-point goal area after the ball is live for the team B throw-in after the goal, when B2 is fouled in the act of shooting by A2 and after the ball is live for B2’s first free throw.

Interpretation

T he time limit to use the IRS review ends when the ball becomes live for B2’s first free throw. The original decision remains valid.

F-3.3.5Example

B1 fouls A1 in the act of shooting. The ball does not enter the basket. A1 is awarded 3 free throws. The referees become uncertain whether A1’s shot for a goal was released from the 3-point goal area.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a player fouled while attempting a shot for goal shall be awarded 2 or 3 free throws. The review shall be conducted before the ball becomes live for the first free throw.

F-3.3.6Statement

The IRS review can be used at any time of the game to decide whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed, and whether any such violation was called correctly.

F-3.3.7Example

B1 fouls A1 on a 3-point shot. B2 touches the ball while it is in its downward flight and completely above the level of the ring. The ball does not enter the basket. The referees call a goaltending violation but become uncertain whether the violation occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that the violation by B2 was called correctly. A1’s 3-point goal shall count. A1 shall attempt 1 free throw. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.8Example

A1 attempts a shot for a 2-point goal. While the ball is in the air, B2 fouls A2 away from the ball. B3 then touches the ball while it is in its downward flight and completely above the level of the ring. The ball does not enter the basket. The referees call a goaltending violation but are uncertain whether it was called correctly.

  • (a) This is the fourth team B foul in the quarter.
  • (b) This is the fifth team B foul in the quarter.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that the violation by B3 was called correctly. A1’s 2-point goal shall count.

  • (a) The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where B2’s foul occurred, except directly behind the backboard. Team A shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock.
  • (b) A2 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.
F-3.3.9Example

B1 fouls A1 on a 2-point shot. B2 then touches the ball while it is in its upward flight. The referees call a goaltending violation, and

  • (a) the ball enters the basket.
  • (b) the ball does not enter the basket.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that no goaltending violation occurred. In both cases, A1’s goal shall not count. After the referee blows the whistle for B1’s foul, B2’s touch causes the ball to become dead immediately. A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.10Example

B1 fouls A1 on a 2-point shot. B2 reaches for the ball at its highest point but does not touch it. The referees call a goaltending violation. Then

  • (a) the ball enters the basket.
  • (b) the ball does not enter the basket.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that no goaltending violation occurred. In (a), A1’s goal shall count. A1 shall attempt 1 free throw. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw. In (b), A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.11Example

B1 fouls A1 on a 3-point shot. B2 touches the ball while it is in its downward flight and completely above the level of the ring. No goaltending violation is called. The referees are uncertain whether a violation occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The review provides that a goaltending violation by B2 occurred. A1’s 3-point goal shall count. A1 shall attempt 1 free throw. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.12Example

B1 fouls A1 on a 2-point shot. The referees are uncertain whether A2 touched the net while the ball was in contact with the ring and still had a chance to enter the basket. The ball enters the basket. No basket interference violation is called.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. If the IRS review provides that a basket interference violation by A2 occurred, the goal shall not count. A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw. If the IRS review provides that a basket interference violation did not occur, the goal shall count and A1 shall attempt one free throw. The game shall resume as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.13Example

A1 shoots for a 2-point goal. While the ball is in the air, B2 fouls A2 away from the ball. This is team B’s fifth foul of the quarter. A3 touches the ball while it is in its downward flight and completely above the level of the ring. The ball enters the basket. The referees call a goaltending violation but are uncertain whether a violation occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that the goaltending violation by A3 was called correctly. The goal shall not count. A2 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.14Example

B1 fouls A1 on a 3-point shot. B2 touches the ball while it is in its downward flight and completely above the level of the ring. No goaltending violation is called. Immediately afterwards, A2 touches the basket after the ball has bounced from the ring. A1’s shot is unsuccessful. No basket interference violation is called. The referees are uncertain whether a violation occurred.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that a goaltending violation by B2 occurred first. The 3-point goal shall count. As the ball became dead at the moment B2 touched the ball, any subsequent touching by A2 shall be disregarded. A1 shall attempt 1 free throw. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.15Example

A1 shoots for a 2-point goal. While the ball is in the air, A2 fouls B2 in a rebound situation. B3 touches the ball while it is in its downward flight and completely above the level of the ring. Immediately afterwards, A2 grasps the net. The ball does not enter the basket. The referees call a basket interference violation against A2 but are uncertain whether a goaltending violation by B3 occurred first. This is team A’s fifth team foul in the quarter.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a goaltending or basket interference violation occurred after a foul was committed and whether any such violation was called correctly. The IRS review provides that a goaltending violation by B3 occurred first. The ball became dead at that moment, and the later basket interference violation by A2 shall be disregarded. A1’s 2-point goal shall count. B2 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.16Example

With 40 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter, thrower-in A1 has the ball in the hands or at the disposal when a flagrant foul is called against B2 on the court. The referees become uncertain whether B2’s contact has met the criteria of a flagrant foul.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether B2’s flagrant foul shall be downgraded to a personal foul. If the review provides the foul met the criteria of a flagrant foul, B2’s foul shall remain a flagrant foul. If the review provides the foul did not meet the criteria of a flagrant foul, B2’s foul shall be downgraded to a personal foul. This is a throw-in foul.

F-3.3.17Example

B1 is charged with a flagrant foul for hitting A1 with an elbow. The referees become uncertain whether B1 hit A1 with an elbow.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a personal, flagrant or disqualifying foul shall be considered as a category 1 technical foul. If the review provides that no contact by B1 against A1 occurred when B1 swung an elbow, B1’s foul shall be changed to a category 1 technical foul.

F-3.3.18Example

B1 is charged with a category 1 technical foul for an excessive fake during a rebound. The referees become uncertain whether B1 hit A1 with an elbow or not.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a technical foul shall be considered as a flagrant or disqualifying foul. If the review provides that B1 hit A1 by swinging an elbow, the foul may be upgraded to a flagrant or disqualifying foul against B1, depending on the severity of the contact.

F-3.3.19Example

B1 is charged with a personal foul. The referees become uncertain whether the foul shall be upgraded to a disruptive or flagrant foul or whether a contact occurred at all.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a personal foul shall be upgraded to a disruptive or flagrant foul. However, if the review provides there was no contact at all, the personal foul cannot be cancelled.

F-3.3.20Example

A1 dribbles to the basket on a fast break with no defensive player between A1 and the opponents’ basket. B1 reaches for the ball with the arm and contacts A1 from the side. B1 is charged with a flagrant foul. The referees become uncertain whether B1’s foul was called correctly as a flagrant foul.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a flagrant foul shall be downgraded to a disruptive foul or a personal foul or upgraded to a disqualifying foul.

F-3.3.21Example

B1 fouls dribbler A1 in transition. The referees become uncertain whether B1’s foul shall be upgraded to a disruptive foul.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a personal foul shall be upgraded to a disruptive foul. However, if the review provides A1 was responsible for the contact by charging into B1, B1’s defensive foul cannot be cancelled or exchanged for A1’s team control foul.

F-3.3.22Example

Dribbler A1 commits a travelling violation followed by B1’s flagrant foul against A1. The referees become uncertain whether B1’s foul was called correctly as a flagrant foul.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a flagrant foul shall be downgraded to a personal foul or upgraded to a disqualifying foul. If the review provides that B1’s foul met the criteria for a flagrant foul it shall remain charged as a flagrant foul. If the review provides that B1’s foul met the criteria for a personal foul, the foul shall be disregarded as it occurred after the travelling violation.

F-3.3.23Example

B1 fouls A1 on an attempt for shot for a 2-point goal followed by B2’s flagrant foul against A1 who is still in the act of shooting. The ball does not enter the basket. The referees become uncertain whether B2’s foul was called correctly as a flagrant foul.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time during the game, whether a flagrant foul shall be downgraded to a personal foul or upgraded to a disqualifying foul. If the review provides that B2’s foul met the criteria for a flagrant foul, the foul shall remain a flagrant foul. A1 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up for B1’s personal foul. A1 shall attempt another 2 free throws with no line-up for B2’s flagrant foul. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the throw-in line opposite the scorer’s table in its frontcourt. Team A shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock. If the review provides B2’s foul was a personal foul, it shall be disregarded as it occurred after the first foul. A1 shall attempt 2 free throws for B1’s personal foul. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.24Example

In the third quarter, B1 is charged with a flagrant foul against A2. In the fourth quarter, B1 fouls A1 on a successful goal. The referees become uncertain whether B1’s foul shall be upgraded to a flagrant foul. During the IRS review, B1 is charged with a category 1 technical foul.

Interpretation

If the review provides that B1’s foul against A1 met the criteria for a flagrant foul, B1 shall be game disqualified for the second flagrant foul. B1’s technical foul shall be disregarded and shall not be assessed either against B1 or against the team B head coach. A1 shall attempt 1 free throw with no line-up for B1’s flagrant foul. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the throw-in line opposite the scorer’s table in its frontcourt. Team A shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock. If the review provides that B1’s foul against A1 met the criteria for a personal foul, A1’s goal shall count. B1 shall be game disqualified as B1 is charged with 1 category 1 technical foul and 1 flagrant foul. Any team A player shall attempt 1 free throw with no line-up. Then A1 shall attempt 1 free throw. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-3.3.25Statement

The IRS review can be used to decide at any time of the game, if a category 1 or 2 correctable error has occurred. The error may only be corrected as defined in Article 45 (Correctable errors).

F-3.3.26Example

With 4:52 on the game clock in the first quarter, A1 scores a 3-point goal. After 20 seconds, A1 notices on the scoreboard that the 3-point goal has only been counted as a 2-point goal. A1 brings the potential error to the attention of the team A head coach. The next time the ball is dead and the game clock is stopped, the team A head coach informs the crew chief of the possible error and requests the crew chief to use an IRS review to correct the error. The team A head coach

  • (a) does not show the official HCC signal, and therefore does not make a request for an HCC.
  • (b) shows the official HCC signal, and therefore does make a request for an HCC.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to determine, at any time during the game, if a correctable error has occurred. If the review provides that the team A head coach is correct, the referees shall direct the table officials to correct the scoresheet and adjust the scoreboard accordingly. The head coach in

  • (a) did not request an HCC and has not yet used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to.
  • (b) has requested an HCC and has used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to.
F-3.3.27Statement

The IRS review can be used to decide at any time of the game, after a malfunction of the game clock or the shot clock, how much time shall be displayed on the game clock or shot clock. In determining the correct time to be displayed on the shot clock the referees shall consider whether the ball touches or misses the ring on a shot for a goal and whether a new team control was established before the game was stopped.

F-3.3.28Example

With 57.8 seconds on the game clock in the second quarter and 0.7 of a second on the shot clock A1 attempts a shot for a 3-point goal. The shot is unsuccessful after which

  • (a) A2 gains a new control of the ball close to the basket.
  • (b) B1 taps the ball out-of-bounds.
  • (c) A2 gains a new control of the ball close to the basket, immediately after which B1 taps the ball out-of-bounds. The referees realise the shot clock has no display visible.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, how much time shall be shown on the shot clock, in the event of a malfunction of the shot clock. In (a) the referees shall stop the game immediately. In all cases, if the review provides that the ball missed the ring and the referees decide that the shot clock would have expired before the game was stopped, a shot clock violation has occurred. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline with 24 seconds on the shot clock. In all cases, if the review provides the ball touches the ring, a shot clock violation did not occur. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from behind the endline in its frontcourt with 14 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.3.29Example

With 57.8 seconds on the game clock in the second quarter and 0.7 of a second on the shot clock A1 attempts a shot for a 3-point goal. The shot is unsuccessful after which

  • (a) B1 gains a new control of the ball close to the basket.
  • (b) B1 gains a new control of the ball close to the basket and immediately causes the ball to go out-of-bounds. The referees realise the shot clock has no display visible.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, how much time shall be shown on the shot clock, in the event of a malfunction of the shot clock. In (a) the referees shall stop the game immediately. In both cases, if the review provides that the ball missed the ring and the referees decide that the shot clock would have expired before the game was stopped, a shot clock violation has occurred. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline with 24 seconds on the shot clock. In (a) if the review provides that the ball touched the ring, the shot clock violation did not occur. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline with 24 seconds on the shot clock. In (b) if the review provides that the ball touched the ring, the shot clock violation did not occur. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from behind the endline in its frontcourt with 14 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.3.30Example

With 7 seconds on the shot clock, A1’s shot for a goal misses the ring. A2 catches the ball and the shot clock operator erroneously resets the shot clock to 14 seconds. After few dribbles and passes, still with team A in control of the ball, A3 scores a goal. At this time, the error is recognised and the referees stop the game.

Interpretation

If the IRS review provides that the shot clock would have expired before A3 scored the goal, a shot clock violation has occurred and A3’s goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the free-throw line extended, with 24 seconds on the shot clock. If the review provides that the shot clock would not have expired before A3 scored the goal, a shot clock violation has not occurred and A3’s goal shall count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from behind its endline, with 24 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.3.31Example

With 42.2 seconds on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 dribbles towards the frontcourt. At this time, the referees realise that the game clock and shot clock have no display visible.

Interpretation

The game shall be stopped immediately. The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, how much time shall be shown on both clocks. After the review, the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the game was stopped. Team A shall have the time remaining on the game clock and on the shot clock.

F-3.3.32Example

A2 attempts a second free throw. The ball enters the basket. At this time, the referees become uncertain whether A2 was the correct free-throw shooter.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time of the game, the correct free-throw shooter before the ball becomes live following the first dead ball after the game clock started following error. If the review identifies a wrong free-throw shooter, a correctable error for permitting the wrong player to attempt the free throw(s) has occurred. A2’s free throws, regardless of whether made or missed, shall be cancelled. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the free-throw line extended in its backcourt. Team B shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock.

F-3.3.33Statement

An altercation is an interaction between two or more opponents involved in a heated or angry dispute or controversy. An altercation may include minor contact but no physical violence. An act of violence is an act of force that may cause harm or may result in a risk of injury. An act that does not meet the criteria of a flagrant or disqualifying foul or does not meet the criteria of a threatened violence, is not an act of violence.

F-3.3.34Example

A1 and B1 start throwing punches at each other followed by more players and persons permitted to sit on the team benches entering the court, all getting involved in an altercation or act of violence. After several minutes the referees restored order on the court.

Interpretation

After order has been restored, the referees can use the IRS review to identify, at any time of the game, the involvement of other players and all persons permitted to sit on the team benches during any altercation or act of violence. After gathering clear and conclusive evidence of the altercation or act of violence, the crew chief shall communicate the final decision in front of the scorer’s table and to both head coaches.

F-3.3.35Example

Two opponents start talking aggressively and slightly pushing each other. The referees stop the game. After order is restored on the court, the referees become uncertain of the players and persons involved.

Interpretation

After order has been restored, the referees can use the IRS review to identify, at any time of the game, the involvement of players and persons permitted to sit on the team benches during any altercation or act of violence. After gathering clear and conclusive evidence of the altercation or act of violence, the crew chief shall communicate the final decision in front of the scorer’s table and to both head coaches.

F-3.3.36Example

The referees call a foul against B1. Before communicating the foul at the scorer’s table, the referees become uncertain whether an altercation or act of violence occurred on the court after the foul was called.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the players in any altercation or act of violence. The referees may perform the review before they have communicated the foul to the scorer’s table. If the review provides that an altercation or act of violence occurred, the referees shall first communicate B1’s foul, followed by the penalties for the act of violence. The game shall resume after all penalties have been administered.

F-3.3.37Statement

In situations when an act of violence occurs which is not called immediately, referees are authorised to stop the game at any time to review any act of violence or potential act of violence. The referees must identify the need for the IRS review, and the review must take place when the referees have stopped the game for the first time. If the review provides there was an act of violence, the referees shall call the infraction and penalise all already called violations including the act of violence in the order the infractions occurred. Whatever occurred during the interval between the act of violence and the game being stopped shall remain valid. If the review provides there was no act of violence, the original decision remains valid. The game shall be resumed from the place nearest to where the game was interrupted for the review.

F-3.3.38Example

A1 dribbles when A2 hits B2 with an elbow. The referees do not call a foul against A2 and after 15 seconds the referees stop the game when

  • (a) A1 continues to dribble.
  • (b) team B causes the ball to go out-of-bounds.
Interpretation

In both cases, the IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the team members during any act of violence. The referees are authorised to stop the game immediately without placing either team at a disadvantage or may use the stoppage of the game for the review. If the review provides A2 hit B2 with an elbow the referees can charge A2 with a flagrant foul. B2 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. If the review provides that A2 has committed a personal foul or a category 1 technical foul that does not constitute an act of violence or has done nothing, a personal or technical foul cannot be charged. In all cases the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest where the game was stopped. The right to possession for the flagrant foul penalty is lost as a result of the subsequent action after the foul by A2. Team A shall have the time remaining on the shot clock and the game clock shall continue from the point it was stopped.

F-3.3.39Example

B1 fouls A1 in the act of shooting for a 2-point goal. A1 hits B1 with an elbow

  • (a) before the shot is released.
  • (b) after the shot is released. The referees do not call a foul against A1. The ball enters the basket.
Interpretation

In both cases, the IRS can be used to identify, at any time of the game, the involvement of team members during any act of violence. The IRS review provides that A1 hit B1 with an elbow, before B1’s foul. The referees can charge A1 with a flagrant foul. B1’s foul shall also be charged. In both cases A1’s goal shall count. The foul penalties shall be administered in the order they occurred. B1 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up for A1’s flagrant foul. The right to possession as part of the flagrant foul penalty is lost as a result of the B1 foul. A1 shall be awarded 1 free throw and the game shall continue as after any last free throw. The game clock shall continue from the point it was stopped.

F-3.3.40Example

A1 dribbles when A2 hits B2 with an elbow. The referees do not call a foul against A2. After another 5 seconds, B3 fouls dribbler A1.

  • (a) B3’s foul is the third team foul in the quarter.
  • (b) B3’s foul is the fifth team foul in the quarter.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the team members during any act of violence. If the review provides that A2 has hit B2 with an elbow, the referees can charge A2 with a flagrant foul. B3’s foul shall also be charged. The foul penalties shall be administered in the order they occurred. B2 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. The right to possession as part of the flagrant foul penalty is lost as a result of the B3 foul. In (a) the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in nearest the place where the game was stopped. In (b) A1 shall be awarded 2 free throws and the game shall continue as after any last free throw. The game clock shall continue from the point it was stopped.

F-3.3.41Example

A1 dribbles when A2 hits B2 with an elbow. The referees do not call a foul against A2. After another 5 seconds a personal foul is called against dribbler A1 in the team A

  • (a) frontcourt.
  • (b) backcourt.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the team members during any act of violence. If the review provides A2 has hit B2 with an elbow, the referees can charge A2 with a flagrant foul. A1’s foul shall also be charged. The foul penalties shall be administered in the order they occurred. B2 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. The right to possession as part of the flagrant foul penalty is lost as a result of the subsequent foul by dribbler A1. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in at the point nearest where the game was stopped. In (a) team B shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock. In (b) team B shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock. The game clock shall continue from the point it was stopped.

F-3.3.42Example

A1 hits B1 with an elbow. The referees do not call a foul against A1. Four seconds later, B1 is charged with a flagrant foul against A1 in the act of shooting for a

  • (a) 2-point goal.
  • (b) 3-point goal. The ball enters the basket.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the team members during any act of violence. If the review provides that A1 hit B1 with an elbow, the referees can charge A1 with a flagrant foul. A1’s goal, shall count. In both cases, the unequal flagrant foul penalties shall be administered in the order they occurred. B1 shall attempt two free throws with no line-up. The right to possession as part of the flagrant foul penalty is lost as a result of the subsequent flagrant foul by B1. A1 shall attempt one free throw and the game shall be resumed with a team A throwin at the frontcourt throw-in line. Team A shall have 14 seconds on the shot clock. The game clock shall continue from the point it was stopped.

F-3.3.43Example

A1 dribbles when A2 hits B2 with an elbow. The referees do not call a foul against A2. After another 5 seconds a category 1 technical foul is called against B1.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the team members during any act of violence. If the review provides A2 has hit B2 with an elbow, the referees can charge A2 with a flagrant foul. The penalty for the technical foul shall be administered first. Any team A player shall attempt 1 free throw with no line-up. B2 shall then attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. The right to possession for the flagrant foul penalty is lost as a result of subsequent action after the foul by A2. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where the game was stopped.

  • (a) If B1’s technical foul occurred in the team A backcourt, team A shall have 24 seconds on the shot clock.
  • (b) If B1’s technical foul occurred in the team A frontcourt, team A shall have 14 seconds if 13 seconds or less were shown on the shot clock, and the time remaining if 14 seconds or more were shown on the shot clock. In all cases the game clock shall continue from the point it was stopped.
F-3.3.44Example

A1 dribbles when B2 contacts A2 on the face. The referees do not call a foul against B2. A1 continues to dribble and is then fouled by B3

  • (a) with a flagrant foul.
  • (b) with a personal foul. This is the third team B foul in the quarter.
  • (c) with a personal foul. This is the fifth team B foul in the quarter.
Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to identify, at any time during the game, the involvement of the team members during any act of violence. If the review provides B2’s contact on A2’s face meets the criteria of an act of violence, the referees shall charge B2 with a flagrant foul. In all cases, A2 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. Furthermore

  • (a) A1 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. The game shall be resumed with team A throw-in from the throw-in line opposite the scorer’s table in its frontcourt.
  • (b) the game shall be resumed with team A throw-in from the place nearest to where B3’s foul occurred.
  • (c) A1 shall attempt 2 free throws. The game shall be resumed as after any last free throw.

F-4Head coach’s challenge (HCC)

F-4.1Statement

The head coach requesting an HCC shall establish visual contact with the nearest referee. The head coach shall say loudly in English “challenge” and show the HCC official signal, drawing a rectangle with the hands. The head coach request for an HCC can be cancelled until the referee grants the request with the HCC signal. A head coach can challenge only the game situations mentioned in the OBR, Appendix F.3. An HCC may be requested at any time of the game for all IRS reviewable situations, including when the game clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter or overtime.

F-4.2Example

The team B head coach requests an HCC. The head coach establishes visual contact with the nearest referee and says loudly in English “challenge“ and shows the signal for an HCC. Immediately after, and before the referee grants the request with the HCC signal, the team B head coach asks to cancel the request.

Interpretation

The team B head coach has asked to cancel the request for an HCC, prior to the referee granting the request by showing the HCC signal. The HCC request shall be cancelled. The team B head coach has not yet used the 1 HCC team B is entitled to.

F-4.3Example

With 22 seconds on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 attempts a shot for a goal. The ball touches the backboard above the level of the ring and is then touched by B1. The referee decided that B1’s touch is legal and therefore did not call a goaltending violation. The team A head coach believes the decision is not correct and requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The goaltending or basket interference can be challenged only when the referees have called a goaltending or basket interference violation. The head coach’s request to challenge the decision shall not be granted.

F-4.4Example

With 4:16 on the game clock in the third quarter, A1 drives to the basket and scores a goal. The team B head coach believes that there was a clear travelling violation by A1 before the goal was scored. The team B head coach requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team B HCC shall not be granted. Only the game situations as listed in the OBR, Appendix F.3 may be challenged. Travelling violations, regardless of whether called or not, cannot be challenged.

F-4.5Example

With 9 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter A1 scores a 2-point goal. The score is now A 82 – B 80. After the team B throw-in from its endline, the team A head coach believes that A1’s goal should count for 3 points and requests an HCC. The referees recognise the request while B1 dribbles in the frontcourt.

Interpretation

The team A HCC shall be granted. The referees shall stop the game immediately without placing either team at a disadvantage. If the IRS review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 2-point goal area the game shall be resumed with the score A 82 – B 80, If the review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 3-point goal area the game shall be resumed with the score A 83 – B 80, and in both cases, with a team B frontcourt throw-in from the place nearest to where the game was stopped during B1’s dribbling and with the remaining time on the game clock.

F-4.6Example

With 8 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter A1 scores a 2-point goal. The score is now A 82 – B 80. After the team B throw-in from its endline, the team A head coach believes that A1’s goal should count for 3 points and requests an HCC. The referees recognise the request after B1 scores a 2-point goal with 1 second on the game clock. The score is now A 82 – B 82.

Interpretation

The team A HCC shall be granted. The referees shall stop the game immediately. If the IRS review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 2-point goal area the game shall be resumed with the score A 82 – B 82, with a team A throw-in from behind its endline and with 1 second on the game clock. If the review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 3-point goal area the game shall be resumed with the score A 83 – B 82, with a team A throw-in from its endline and with 1 second on the game clock.

F-4.7Example

With 7 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter A1 scores a 2-point goal. The score is now A 82 – B 80. After the team B throw-in from its endline, the team A head coach believes that A1’s goal should count for 3 points and requests an HCC. The referees recognise the request after B1 scores a 2-point goal and the game clock sounds while the ball was in the air for the end of the game. The score is now A 82 – B 82.

Interpretation

The team A HCC shall be granted. The referees shall conduct the IRS review before signing the scoresheet. If the review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 2-point goal area the game shall be resumed with an overtime according to the alternating possession procedure. If the review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 3-point goal area the game has ended with the final score A 83 – B 82.

F-4.8Example

With 6 seconds on the game clock in the fourth quarter A1 scores a 2-point goal. The score is now A 82 – B 80. Then B1 attempts a successful shot for a 2-point goal while the ball is in the air the game clock sounds for the end of the game. The score is now A 82 – B 82. The team A head coach believes that A1’s goal should count for 3 points and immediately requests an HCC using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team A HCC shall be granted. The crew chief can use the IRS review for the HCC, at any time of the game, to decide whether the ball shall count for 2 or 3 points. If the review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 2-point goal area the game shall be resumed with an overtime according to the alternation possession procedure. If the review provides A1’s shot was attempted from the 3-point goal area the game has ended with the final score A 83 – B 82.

F-4.9Example

With 6:36 on the game clock in the fourth quarter the ball goes out-ofbounds. The referees award the ball to team A. Team A is granted a time-out. The team B head coach believes the decision is not correct and requests a challenge, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team B HCC shall be granted. The IRS review can be used to decide on an HCC, at any time of the game, whether the out-of-bounds violation was called correctly. The time-out period shall not start until the review ends and the referee communicates the final decision. The team A time-out request may be withdrawn at any time during the review until after the referee communicates the final IRS decision.

F-4.10Example

With 5:28 on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 dribbles close to the sideline and passes the ball to A2 who scores a goal. The team B head coach believes that team A has committed a clear 8-second violation before A2 scored the goal. The team B head coach requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team B HCC shall not be granted. Only the game situations in the OBR, Appendix F.3 may be challenged. An 8-second violation can only be reviewed when it involves a game situation at the end of the quarter or overtime. The goal shall count. The team B head coach has not yet used the 1 HCC team B is entitled to.

F-4.11Example

With 2:30 on the game clock in the third quarter B1 fouls A1. B1 is then charged with a category 1 technical foul, followed by a B1 disqualification for the further verbal abuse of the referees. The team A head coach believes that the personal foul against B1 should be upgraded to a flagrant foul and requests an HCC.

Interpretation

The team A HCC shall be granted. The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time during the game, whether a personal foul shall be upgraded to a disruptive, flagrant or disqualifying foul. If the review provides B1’s personal foul was a flagrant foul, B1’s category 1 technical foul shall lead to B1’s game disqualification. B1’s disqualification for the further abuse of the referees can no longer be penalised in the game and shall be reported to the governing body of the competition. Any team A player shall attempt 1 free throw with no line-up. Then A1 shall attempt 2 free throws with no line-up. The game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the throw-in line opposite the scorer’s table in its frontcourt.

F-4.12Example

With 43.4 seconds on the game clock in the third quarter and 1.2 of a second on the shot clock A1 attempts a shot for a 3-point goal. The shot is unsuccessful and misses the ring after which B1 touches the ball close to the basket and the ball immediately goes out-of-bounds. The referees award the throw-in to team B when the referees realise the shot clock has no display visible. The team A head coach believes that B1 caused the ball to go out-of-bounds and requests an HCC.

Interpretation

The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game if an HCC is granted, which team caused an out-of-bounds violation. If so, the review can furthermore be used to decide how much time shall be shown on the shot clock, in the event of a malfunction of the shot clock. If the review provides that B1 has caused the ball to go out-of-bounds and the shot clock would have expired before the ball went out-of-bounds, there is no time remaining on the shot clock for team A, therefore this is a team A shot clock violation. The ball shall be awarded to team B for a throw-in from behind the endline with 24 seconds on the shot clock. The team A head coach has not yet used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to. If the review provides that A1 has caused the ball to go out-of-bounds, the ball shall be awarded to team B for a throw-in from behind the endline with 24 seconds on the shot clock. The team A head coach has used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to. If the review provides that B1 has caused the ball to go out-of-bounds and the shot clock did not expire before the ball went out-of-bounds, the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from behind the endline in its frontcourt with the remaining time on the shot clock. The team A head coach has used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to.

F-4.13Statement

When an HCC is requested after a time-out from either team has started, that time-out shall continue without any interruption. The HCC request cannot be cancelled, and the HCC review shall be administered after the time-out.

F-4.14Example

A1 scores a 3-point goal. At this time, team B requests a time-out. During the time-out the team B head coach believes that A1 has stepped on the 3-point line before the shot was released and requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team B HCC shall be granted. The IRS review can be used to decide whether a successful goal was released from the 2- or 3-point area. The timeout shall continue without any interruption. The HCC review shall be administered after the time-out.

F-4.15Statement

In all games where the Instant Replay System (IRS) is used the head coach may be granted only one HCC. The time restrictions within OBR, Appendix F.3 do not apply.

F-4.16Example

With 3:23 on the game clock in the second quarter the ball goes out-ofbounds. The referees award the ball to team A. The team B head coach believes the decision is not correct and requests an HCC, using the proper procedure. This is

  • (a) the first team B HCC requested in the game.
  • (b) the second team B HCC requested in the game.
Interpretation
  • (a) The HCC shall be granted. The crew chief shall use the IRS review, at any time of the game, to decide whether the out-of-bounds violation was called correctly. If the review provides the decision is correct, the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in. If the review provides the decision is not correct, the decision shall be corrected. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in. In both cases, the team B head coach has used the 1 HCC team B is entitled to.
  • (b) The team B head coach has already used the 1 HCC team B is entitled to. The request shall not be granted.
F-4.17Example

With 3:21 on the game clock in the second quarter the ball goes out-ofbounds. The referees award the ball to team A. The team B head coach believes the decision is not correct and requests an HCC, using the proper procedure. The HCC is granted. Immediately after the team B head coach changes the mind and asks the request to be withdrawn.

Interpretation

Once the HCC is granted, the challenge request shall be final and irreversible.

F-4.18Example

With 2:35 on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 scores a goal close to the end of the shot clock period and the game continues. The team B head coach believes that the shot clock signal had sounded before the shot was released. B1 dribbles when the team B head coach requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team B HCC shall be granted. The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether the ball had left A1’s hands on a shot for a goal before the shot clock signal sounded. An HCC may be requested at any time in the game. The referees are authorized to stop the game immediately and conduct a review. If the review provides the ball was released before the shot clock signal sounded, the goal shall count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the game was stopped. Team B shall have the time remaining on the shot clock. If the review provides the ball was released after the shot clock signal sounded, the goal shall not count. The game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the game was stopped. Team B shall have the time remaining on the shot clock. In both cases, the team B head coach has used the 1 HCC team B is entitled to.

F-4.19Example

With 2:29 on the game clock in the second quarter, A1 scores a goal close to the end of the shot clock period and the game continues. The referees stop the game in the team B frontcourt when A2 causes the ball to go out-of-bounds. At this time, the team B head coach believes that the shot clock signal had sounded before the shot was released and requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

An HCC may be requested, at any time of the game, at the latest when the referees have stopped the game for the first time after the decision. The team B HCC shall be granted. The IRS review can be used to decide, whether the ball had left A1’s hands on a shot for a goal before the shot clock signal sounded. If the review provides the ball was released before the shot clock signal sounded, the goal shall count. If the review provides the ball was released after the shot clock signal sounded, the goal shall not count. In both cases, the game shall be resumed with a team B throw-in from the place nearest where the ball went out-of-bounds. Team B shall have the time remaining on the shot clock. The team B head coach has used the 1 HCC team B is entitled to.

F-4.20Example

With 7:22 on the game clock in the third quarter, B1 fouls dribbler A1 in transition. This is the second team B foul in the quarter. The team A head coach believes that the contact was unnecessary and there was no legitimate attempt to directly play the ball to stop the progress of team A in transition. The team A head coach believes that B1’s personal foul should be upgraded to a disruptive foul. The team A head coach requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.

Interpretation

The team A HCC shall be granted. The IRS review can be used to decide, at any time of the game, whether a personal, disruptive, flagrant or disqualifying foul shall be upgraded or downgraded or shall be considered as a category 1 technical foul. If the review provides the foul was a personal foul, the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where the ball was located when the personal foul was called. If the review provides the personal foul was a disruptive foul, the personal foul shall be upgraded. The game shall be resumed as after any other disruptive foul. In both cases, the team A head coach has used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to.

F-4.21Example

With 7:16 on the game clock in the third quarter

  • (a) B1 fouls dribbler A1. This is the second team B foul in the quarter. The game is resumed with a team A throw-in. A2 then scores a 2-point goal.
  • (b) B1 fouls A1 in the act of shooting. The ball does not enter the basket. A1 has the ball at the disposal for the first free throw. The team A head coach now believes that there was no legitimate attempt to play the ball and that B1’s personal foul should be upgraded to a flagrant foul. The team A head coach requests an HCC, using the proper procedure.
Interpretation

The team A HCC shall not be granted. After the ball is at the team A player’s disposal for the

  • (a) throw-in,
  • (b) first free throw, it is too late for the HCC to be granted. The head coach must request the HCC and the IRS review must take place at the latest when the referees have stopped the game for the first time after the decision and before the ball becomes live again. The team A head coach has not yet used the 1 HCC team A is entitled to.
F-4.22Example

A1 scores a goal close to the end of the shot clock period and the game continues. The team B first assistant coach believes that the shot clock signal had sounded before the shot was released and requests a challenge, using the correct procedure.

Interpretation

The team B first assistant coach request shall not be granted. The IRS review can be requested only by the team B head coach.

F-4.23Example

The scorer shall enter all requested team HCCs on the scoresheet.

Interpretation

Only the granted HCC shall be entered on the scoresheet in the 2 boxes, next to the HCC. In the first box the scorer shall enter the quarter or overtime and in the second box the minute of the playing time in the quarter or overtime.

F-4.24Example

A1 catches the ball inside the restricted area and is fouled by B1. The referee calls a foul not in the act of shooting. This is the second team B foul in the quarter. Afterwards, the referee calls a technical foul against the team A head coach. Immediately after, the team A head coach requests an HCC asking for the foul to be upgraded to a flagrant foul.

Interpretation

Any team B player or substitute shall attempt 1 free throw with no line-up, after which the HCC is granted. After the IRS review, if the referees decide that the original decision remains valid, the game shall be resumed with a team A throw-in from the place nearest to where the foul occurred.